EVALUATION OF SAFETY MANAGEMENT DURING TUNNELS CONSTRUCTION IN SAUDI ARABIA

Tunnel construction projects are complex engineering projects that pose numerous safety challenges. Accordingly, prioritizing the protection of workers, the public, and the environment is imperative. This study aimed to comprehensively analyze the most significant risks associated with tunnel construction projects in Saudi Arabia. Twenty-nine hazards were identified through site inspections and interviews with engineers and managers engaged in various tunnel projects in Saudi Arabia. These risks were categorized into six groups, namely, Confined Spaces, Air surveillance & ventilation, Fires, Physical and chemical hazards, Electricity, and Personal safety and emergency plans. Data were acquired from 108 respondents completing a questionnaire. The data were statistically analyzed using the SPSS V20 package. The Total Importance Index Impact (TIII) application determined the most crucial risks affecting tunnel construction safety management. As a result, the most significant risk identified are Musculoskeletal disorder due to heavy manual handling, prolonged use of hand tools, or standing, Oxygen shortage brought on by the narrow tunnel, and Constant exposure to high noise; are the most effecting risks. The findings demonstrate that risk analysis facilitates project managers in identifying and focusing on principal risks, which supports the implementation and evaluation of safety management plans. By providing practical guidelines, risk analysis enhances the success rate of tunnel construction projects. Implementing measures to mitigate exposure to elevated noise levels, air supply hazards, fires, and oxygen deficiency is anticipated to result in numerous benefits, including improved worker health and performance, reduced time and expenses, enhanced productivity, and an improved reputation among staff and clients.