THE PARTIAL EXTRACTION THERAPIES:ROOT MEDIATED RIDGE PRESERVATION IN RESTORATIVE AND IMPLANT DENTISTRY

Crestal bone loss, a decrease in the edentulous ridges width, and a decrease in the height of the interdental papillae are all possible outcomes of extraction. It is commonly known that alveolar bone volume decreases following tooth extraction. Following tooth extraction, the bundle bone-periodontal ligament complex [BB-PDL complex] is lost, which results in the loss of alveolar bone and ridge shape. Compared to the palatal and lingual cortical plates, the buccal cortical plate is thinner and has four times as much residual ridge resorption. Numerous methods for preserving ridges have been suggested in the literature. By preserving the buccal bone-periodontal complexs vascular supply, partial extraction procedures have been shown to stop buccal bone loss. Techniques such as root submergence, socket shield, proximal socket shield, and pontic shield are examples of partial extraction therapy. This method maintains the ridge contour and the loss of alveolar bone. To replicate the future pontic, the coronal root is hollowed out and the tooth is decoronated at the level of the bone crest using the root submergence procedure. When planning a pontic location underneath a traditional fixed partial denture, the root submergence approach is recommended. The tooth root is divided into the palatal and facial portions longitudinally in the socket shield procedure. The long-shank dental bur has a little concavity in the facial root. Pontic shielding entails the same preparation as extraction socket grafting using a slow-resorbing bone replacement. By preserving the periodontal ligament and the blood vessels that are connected to it, these procedures highlight the long-term effectiveness of implants and are anticipated to produce better aesthetic results. Thus, by stopping the buccal bones natural bone resorption and the soft tissues that cover it from contracting. The review of several partial extraction therapy approaches is the main focus of this article.