The Great Silk Road as a factor in the formation of the historical and geographical landscape of Turkmenistan

The article examines the influence of the Great Silk Road on the formation of the historical and geographical landscape of Turkmenistan. The historical, cultural and economic aspects that contributed to the transformation of the region into a center of international trade and cultural exchange are considered. The changes in the urban structure, irrigation system and the formation of cultural heritage are analyzed, as well as the role of Turkmenistan in preserving the unique historical heritage. The study highlights the importance of the Great Silk Road as a driving force in shaping the modern image of the country.