Clusters, superspreading and percolation in the COVID-19 pandemic

Within the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, this paper has been written for the purposes of scientific popularization for non-specialists. The aim of this work is to explain the role of interaction groups in certain phenomena, such as superpropagation andpercolation, which characterize the dynamics of virus propagation. Some notions necessary to describe these dynamics of an epidemic are presented, such as the number of reproduction and contact networks that, throughout this document, for simplicity is also called a cluster.