Modern Data about Morphofunctional Features of the Cervix

The objective of the research was to study the macro- and microstructure of the cervix during human ontogenesis using study materials and analysis of Ukrainian and foreign literature. Various cervical lesions are observed in all age periods and require thorough investigation of cervical epithelium for early detection, diagnosis and clear differentiation of precancerous diseases of this region. The development of modern methods of investigation of the internal organs of the fetus requires more detailed information about their anatomy and topography at all stages of the ontogenesis. Despite the important functional significance of the cervix, it is not the subject of extensive morphological studies. The dynamics of the shape and size formation, individual anatomical variability of the cervix during the human ontogenesis remains insufficiently studied in the scientific literature. A detailed study of normal morphogenesis, anatomical features of the cervix in pre- and postnatal human ontogenesis has both theoretical and practical importance for understanding the mechanisms of the possible occurrence of lesions variants and malformations. Despite the fact that the structure of the vaginal surface epithelium of the cervix in women has been studied in details at light-optical and ultrastructural levels, the questions of anatomical features of the internal female reproductive organs, including cervical cancer in different age periods of life, using both classical and modern research methods, are not sufficiently studied.?