Oxidative Stress as a Trigger Factor of Target Organs Damage at an Early Stage Development of Critical States

Critical states (CS) in surgery, despite the success of the contemporary medical technology and pharmaceutical base, are still topical due to high rate of mortality. The mortality rate of acute diffuse peritonitis (ADP) is 20-92.8% and directly correlates with the number of affected organs involved in the pathological process. Under conditions of acute intestinal obstruction (AIO) of different etiology mortality reaches 15-50%, while in combination with sepsis it is 75% and has not a noticeable downward trend. The objective of the study was to determine the main markers of oxidative stress in target organs at the early stages of development of the critical states in the experiment. The study was performed on 78 white male rats Wistar weighing 180-230 g, which were modeled to have CS: ADP and AIO. In animals at 12 and 24 hours was determined the concentration indices of lipid peroxidation (LPO): content of diene conjugates (DC) and active products tiobarbituric acid (TBA-AP) in blood and lung and liver homogenates; and serum activity of catalase (CT) to assess antioxidant protection (AOP) and lactate (LT) for the characterization of endotoxemia and hypoxic events. It was established that the development of CS was accompanied by increased lipid peroxidation markers in the blood as well as in target organs: lungs and liver. Thus, control of blood in 12 h and in 24 h at ADP increased by 2.4 and 2.7 times (p<0.05), and in target organs respectively by 3.2 and 4.1 times (p<0.05). Then, as at AIO primary products of lipid peroxidation products ? DC, was less active and growing up after 24 hours of experiment in 2.6 times (p<0.05) in blood; in the lungs and liver up to 1.6 and 2.3 times (p<0.05) respectively. A similar trend was TBA-AP. During ADP and AIO marked parallel CT transient increase in activity during the first 12th hours of study in the 4.4 and 1.5 times (p <0.05) respectively. While in the 24th hour catalase activity decreased by 39.92% (p<0.05) compared with the data for the 12th hour in ADP and 2.7 times in terms of AIO reproduction. LT concentrations was increased more than three times for 12 hours under investigation ADP, and 1.2 times at AIO continuing to grow to 24 hours: 7.8 times and 4.9 (p<0.05) times respectively. So, in terms of ADP and AIO in the experiment significant violations of value in the system LPO/AOP were observed, which were reflected in the activation of lipid peroxidation and decrease of antioxidant defense system, due to damage of major organs of detoxification, such as lungs and liver, which reflects failure of the endogenous metabolic and cellular defense mechanisms.