Electrolyte Imbalance in Cardiology Practice

The objective of the research was to establish the dynamics of electrolyte balance, pyruvate and lactate in patients with arterial hypertension (AH), long QT syndrome and heart rate turbulence. Materials and methods. The study included 60 patients with stage II AH. All patients were divided into three groups: Group I included 20 patients with stage II AH and normal myocardial electrical stability; Group II included 20 patients with stage II AH and long QT syndrome (LQTS); Group III comprised 20 patients with stage II AH and heart rate turbulence (HRT). The control group included 20 practically healthy persons. The parameters of heart rate turbulence, QT-interval duration, potassium, magnesium, calcium, lactate and pyruvate levels were determined. Results. A total calcium level in patients of Groups II and III increased by 27.14% (p< 0.001) and 29.41% (p< 0.001) compared to Group I, and ionized calcium level increased by 27.14% (p< 0.001) and 27.65% (p< 0.001), respectively. The level of potassium in Groups II and III was 20.63% (p< 0.001) and 19.59% (p< 0.001) lower than in Group I, and magnesium level was 14.51% (p< 0.001) and 12.69% (p< 0.001) lower compared to Group I. The level of pyruvate in Group II decreased by 60.53% (p< 0.001), and in Group III it decreased by 54.84% (p< 0.001). The level of lactate increased by 27.01% (p< 0.001) and 25.24% (p< 0.001), respectively. Conclusions. Considering the obtained results, deeper investigation of the role of electrolyte balance in the pathogenesis of arterial hypertension and myocardial electrical instability should be continued. ?