SOURCE MATERIAL FOR BREEDING OF MILLET FOR HIGH PRODUCTIVITY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY

As a result of screening a collection of 155 best domestic and foreign varieties of millet of different ecological and geographical origin, sources of economically valuable traits for breeding of millet's new generation. In the solution of problems of agricultural production, sustainable growth of productivity, is Central to the creation and widespread use of new varieties and hybrids of plants as part of the development of innovative technologies in crop production. At the present stage of breeding of millet is crucial to the realization of the potential of culture to ensure high and stable yields. Modern plant breeding, including breeding of millet, based on the wide use of the genetic potential of the species. To improve the efficiency of breeding work is of great importance to study a variety of source material. Successful breeding involves the selection of a starting material with high productivity, which is combined in crosses with sources having other valuable parameters.[3] In adverse environmental conditions the environmental stability of cultivars (hybrids) is the most important condition for the realization of their potential productivity. The yield reflects the effect of all factors affecting the plants during their growth and development, and its value is always the result of a compromise between the potential productivity and environmental sustainability. If in adverse conditions, the advantage is given to varieties with high potential productivity, adverse and resistant to the action of abiotic stressors. Therefore, studying the peculiarities of the formation potential productivity and environmental sustainability, and their ratio is considered as a vital condition for the development of effective control methods of adaptive potential and, consequently, productivity. [1] To increase productivity and adaptive capacity of varieties it is necessary to expand its genetic base. In the selection process should involve material with a known range of variability of signs. Identifying the range of variability contributes to the screening of the gene pool. The VIR collection of millet contains over 9000 samples in Kabardino-Balkaria research Institute of agriculture of them has been evaluated according to the complex of symptoms, resulting in identified form for systematic and purposeful use in breeding.[2] With this end in 2012-2014 was carried out screening of a collection of millet, based on new acquisitions from the gene pool of VIR im. N. And.Vavilova.