TRADITIONAL UKRAINIAN FARMSTEAD AT THE END OF THE 19th ? AT THE BEGINNING OF THE 20th CENTURY

The types of rural dwelling that were spread at the end of the 19th ? the beginning of the 20th century become the heritage of history. Studying of the traditional Ukrainian farmstead, folk architectural and building, decorative and artistic traditions is not only of the theoretical, but also of the practical importance. The usage of the best progressive folk experience will help architects create new villages which will meet the needs of people and correspond to the best national traditions and aesthetic criteria of the Ukrainian people. Analysis of the sources. We find data on traditional Ukrainian dwelling, homestead and farmstead in the researches of modern ethnographers, historians, specialists of local lore. Well-known scholars A. P. Danyluk., T. Kosmina, M. S. Dnistriansky, V. P. Samoilovich, G. Yu. Stelmakh, G. S. Lozko studied the traditional architecture of the Ukrainian regions, peculiarities of the settlements and the types of farmstead. The purpose of the article is to analyze the peculiarities of traditional Ukrainian dwelling, homestead and farmstead, to assert national consciousness, to keep national traditions, bring up young people to be patriots, to spread the knowledge about cultural heritage of Ukraine. Conclusion. The Ukrainian folk dwelling was created for centuries by constant improving devices and forms according to the conditions, way of life and aesthetic criteria of people. The traditional nature of the folk architecture was caused by the fact that rural dwelling was built not according to the project but was based on the best typical samples characteristic of this or that region of Ukraine.