CASE STUDY OF FARMING FROM TRANSMIGRANTS AND LOCAL FARMERS IN THE DISTRICT OF SEMANGGA AND TANAH MIRING, MERAUKE REGENCY, PAPUA

Merauke as a food barn has been carried out since the days of the Dutch administration, namely by making Merauke an Asia Pacific food warehouse. To realize this target, the Dutch government conducted a program to move the population known as colonization, namely by bringing residents from Java to be moved to Merauke. After the independence period the Indonesian colonization program was still held by the name of transmigration. These transmigrant farmers then live side by side with local residents and transmit the ability to cultivate rice to local residents in Merauke Regency who previously lived from gathering, shifting fields, sago farming, fishing, hunting and farming with the method of lagging, finally getting interested in learning to grow crops rice. The purpose of this study is to analyze (1) the factors that influence rice farming production on transmigrant farmers and local farmers in the Semangga District and Tanah Miring District of Merauke Regency, Papua-Indonesia (2) Factors that influence technical efficiency of rice farming in transmigrant farmers and local farmers in the Semangga District and Tanah Miring District of Merauke Regency, Papua-Indonesia (3) Technical efficiency of farming in transmigrant farmers and local farmers in the Semangga District and Tanah Miring District of Merauke Regency, Papua-Indonesia. This research was conducted in Merauke Regency, Papua - Indonesia, in two districts, namely Semangga District and Tanah Miring District, each district was selected by transmigrant villages and local villages which had the highest number of farmers. Semangga District was chosen by Waninggap Kai Village, Urumb, and Marga Mulya Village, while Isano Mbias Village in Tanah Miring District, Waninggap Sai Village, Kamangi Village and Sarsang Village were chosen. The study was conducted in June - August 2018. The time period of this study was to use data from one planting season in 2017. This study was a descriptive analysis. The population in this study was 7213 rice farmers. Sampling was carried out in proportional random sampling and obtained 216 respondents consisting of 185 respondents of transmigrant farmers and 31 respondents of local farmers. Data analysis uses the stochastic frontier production function. The results showed that significant gamma means that rice farming of transmigrant farmers and local farmers in Merauke Regency has not been technically efficient. 79% of technical inefficiencies in research are caused by managerial factors, which are factors that can be controlled by humans and 21% are caused by factors that cannot be controlled by humans (noise), namely pests, natural disasters, weather, and so on. The land area factor has a negative effect on rice production, while pesticides, seeds, urea fertilizer, and human labor have a positive effect on rice production. Technical efficiency factors can be improved by increasing the experience of farmers and increasing the number of family members, and transmigrant farmers more efficiently than local farmers. Transmigrant farmers who achieve technical efficiency values above 0.70 by 91% of farmers, while local farmers who achieve technical efficiency values above 0.70 by 62%. The value of transmigrant farmers 'technical efficiency is 0.85 higher than the value of local farmers' technical efficiency of 0.69. This means that transmigrant farmers are more efficient than local farmers