Human Rights from the Pragmatism and New Pragmatism Points of View based on Richard Rorty’s Views

Pragmatism and new pragmatism are among the most important philosophical schools that have seriously influenced many areas of social life - including law and politics - in recent decades. According to these two schools, the concept of human rights is clearly a controversial concept that needs to be justified. In the nineteenth century, reason became the "scientific intellect", and it is evident that science was also the enemy of the concept of natural rights. In addition, a reaction to the individualism of the natural rights theory also came up, and this Aristotelian idea, which is the basic concept of the political philosophy of the society, was restored. In fact, Richard Rorty has argued that there is no theoretical basis for human rights, because there is no theoretical basis for any belief. However, this is not regrettable, both because this is a philosophical and necessary fact, and because the human rights subject does not require a theory to be successful, but it requires empathy. In this research, we introduce the foundations of pragmatism and new pragmatism and then examine the human status in this school, relying on the views of one of the philosophers of this school, Richard Rorty, and finally, his views of Human rights will be clearly presented.