Diagnosis of ADHD using Brain Imaging Technique: A Survey

Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD) is a complex, neuro-biological behavioral impairment that alters a persons functioning and impinges on all aspects of his immediate and often greater environment. In this paper, the overview of ADHD and the structural and functional Brain Imaging techniques to identify the abnormalities are discussed. Brain scans have revealed that the reduced volumes of four regions in the brain the corpus callosum, the basal ganglia, the frontal lobes and the cerebellar vermis will explain many typical ADHD symptoms. Image processing techniques like Atlas Based Segmentation, Genetic Algorithm, Adaptive Threshold Algorithm, Watershed Algorithm, 3D Region Growing, K-Means Clustering Algorithm, Elastic Matching Technique, Graph Cut Techniques, Fuzzy Expectation Maximization (EM) Algorithm, Voxel-Based Morphometry to find the differences in brain area volume and thickness are analyzed. The results of the study reveal that a ADHD is neurological disorder and an alarm or warning to be extended to the neurologist to detect this disorder with an automatic diagnostic tool.