Optimization of diagnostics and medical tactics in node formations thyroid gland

Surgical intervention, as a method of treatment, continues to be considered as the main method today for many diseases of the thyroid gland. When determining the indications for surgical intervention, sometimes the morphological verification of thyroid lesion is neglected, the peculiarities of the etiology and pathogenesis of the disease are not taken into account. There is still a concept that any thyroid nodule is a potential cancer. This approach to thyroid surgery, on the one hand, ends with a large number of unjustified surgical interventions. On the other hand, where the operation is really indicated, it is performed in an inadequate volume. In view of the danger of postoperative hypothyroidism, the tactics of performing organpreserving thyroid surgeries is quite widespread, even in malignant lesions. As a result of this approach, the number of complications increases, the quality of life of patients decreases, and in addition, the cost of their treatment and follow-up increases. The most common thyroid diseases, in which surgical treatment is widely used, are thyroid tumors and diseases occurring with thyrotoxicosis syndrome (Graves-Basedow disease), multi nodular toxic goiter).