Orthodontic Anchorage Reinforcement with Pharmacological Agents and Biomodulators: A Review

Orthodontic anchorage is one of the most critical and challenging aspects of Orthodontics. Preventing undesired movement of teeth could result in safer and better orthodontic treatment outcome. Conventional anchorage reinforcement used in orthodontics include TPA, Nance palatal button, use of cervical or high pull headgears. Recently there has been a dramatic increase in the use of orthodontic mini-implants to preserve maximum anchorage. Orthodontic tooth movements are based on bone remodeling that occurs after the application of mechanical forces. Recent research suggests the use of certain pharmacological agents as adjuvants in preserving anchorage. . Several drugs that modify osteoclasts function, such as bisphosphonates (BPs), anti-inflammatory agents, other molecules (OMs) like anti-oxidants and interferon-?, and biological modulators like osteoprotegrins (OPGs), and bone morphogenic proteins (BMPs) have been used to prevent anchorage loss in Orthodontics. This review aims at the potential use of pharmacological agents and biomodulators in reinforcing orthodontic anchorage.