The role of "green shipping" in reducing the greenhouse effect. Alternative fuels. Economic implications and investments for the global shipping industry

: The article is a bibliographic review of the role of green shipping in tackling air pollution, mainly in the greenhouse effect, with the use of new fuels, free of carbon impurities. Studies on the production and use of hydrogen, ammonia and natural gas as propulsion fuels for ships are reviewed, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of these fuels. Finally, an overview of the economic issues that arise in the shipping industry, from the need to switch to ecological fuels and solutions are proposed to address it as well as possible investments for the utilization of the above fuels.