ESSENCE, FORMS AND CLASSIFICATION OF CORRUPTIVE RELATIONS

The article is dedicated to the research of essence and forms of corruptive and shade relations. The conducted research permitted to accentuate the political and economic content of the category “corruption” and classify corruption on definite factors and corresponding manifestations of this phenomenon. Aim of the article is detailed research of essence of corruption and forms of its manifestation which will constitute the basis for classifying corruptive relations. The research of essence, forms and system of corruptive relations permitted to make the following conclusions and generalizations. Traditional definitions of corruption have one essential drawback preconditioned by the one–sided approach, when the state is corrupter as principal and state official as agent having definite duties and using them for his/her own benefit. Under such conditions the other party of corruptive relations remains in shade. Such approach is justified for the social and economic systems in which business and power are separated, but it does not reflect the real state of affairs in the conditions of transformation economies, in Ukraine in particular. Concept of corruption and its essence shall be researched in the context of interconnection and inter–conditionality concerning definite sphere of social relations. Corruption is special type of exchange relations combining separate people and institutions in the single social mechanism. Corruption as political and economic category represents special type of exchange relations, realized with the violation of formal and informal institutional limitations. Detailed research of essence, forms and manifestations of corruption permitted to classify it on the following criteria: subjects of corruptive relations, aims of corruption from the point of view of its subjects, initiative in corruptive relations, level of organization and distribution of corruptive relations, type of organization of corruptive relations, type of corruptive relations, degree of centralization of corruptive relations, regularity of corruptive actions, every of which presupposes different forms of manifestation and types of corruption.