PSYCHOLOGICAL MODELS OF DISABILITY: CAUSES AND PROSPECTS OF USE

The article presents an analysis of conceptual models of disability. The functional limitation model treats disability as a property inherent in a person as a result of illness, injury or other health effects that require medical assistance in the form of direct treatment by specialists in order to "fix" a person's problem. The social model of disability assumes that the difficulties are created by a society that does not involve participation in the general activities of people with different health opportunities. The advantages and prospects of using psychological models of disability in scientific research are shown. Within the framework of the model of healthsaving activity of disabled people, the types of deformation of healthsaving activity are described for the first time: deformed, compensated and exhausted healthsaving activity. The conditions of development and specific violations in the structure of activity under given deformations are described. Within the framework of the socio-psychological model of disability, the types of distortions of the personality relationship to oneself, to other people and the world around appear in the process of psychological adaptation to a disabling disease. The author's content of the concept of psychological disability is revealed as a structural change in the system of personal relations. The work was carried out within the framework of the grant RFFI No. 16-16-62003 "The Psychological Readiness of the Disabled for Active Labor Activity (based on the material of the Ryazan Region)".