THE YOUTH MOBILITY ON THE BORDERLAND AREAS (ON THE EXAMPLE OF UKRAINE, POLAND AND HUNGARY)

The mobility of young people, living on the borderland areas has been analyzed in the given paper. The phenomenon of the transborder areas in modern science, its interpretation, different approaches and classification of the frontier has been investigated in this paper. In the context of this investigation we regard three transborder zones, each one with its specificity (Transcarpathian region - Hungary, Lviv region - Poland, Kharkiv region - Russia). The analysis of the mobility of young people in borderland areas has been conducted by the relevant questionnaire. The border areas have always had a special status. They occupy a special position in a mental-geographical mapping: they are periphery of the country on one hand, but on the other hand they become the centres of particular region, in which the processes are determined by the factor of the border. The way of people's life of in the border area, the form of its display demonstrate and implement a special measure interactions between the countries which have a common border. Borderland is not only distance, but it is also the means of relationship between the countries. We define social mobility as a process of movements of individuals between hierarchically organized elements of the social structure. P.Sorokin defines social mobility as any transition of individual or social object, that is everything created or modified by human activity, from one social position to another. We have considered the example of functioning life in borderlands in the light of youth vision and have determined the influence of borderland on the mobility of young people. Borderland, as a socio-cultural phenomenon has its own sociodynamics, which is implemented in the external and internal measurements. As a result of our research, we have found differences and similarities of different border zones, each with its own socio-economic structure, under which it is functioning. A significant impact on the young people, living in these areas, has borderland, and ties with the neighboring country are very close in many culture-social spheres. Peculiarities allow us to consider borderland (area attached to border) from three points of view. The first, shows socio-cultural approach, according to which, borderland (area attached to border) represents contacts between two or more ethno-cultural communities, localized in space. The second, realizes spatial geographical approach, which treats borderland only as a territory, which is attached to the frontier and is far from the center. The third approach, provides personal and cultural discourse. It focuses attention on the fact, that borderland is a place of formation a certain type of person of borderland society.