FORMATION OF NATIONAL CONSCIOUSNESS OF THE GYMNASIUM YOUTH IN TRANSCARPATHIA IN 20-30 XX BY MEANS OF LITERATURE

The article on the basis of the analysis of the reports drawn out in 20-30 XX about the gymnasium activities and published memoirs presents specifics of study of the Ukrainian literature by the Transcarpathian youth as important medium of the formation of the consciousness by the Tran-scarpathian youth. With the given list of literature − obligatory for reading − it is possible to assume that the students in Uzhgorod, Berehovo and Khust gymnasiums while reading the artistic works of the Ukrainian writers have acquired knowledge about development and establishment of the Ukrainian literature, have learned its trends as baroque, classicism, sentimentalism, romantics, realism, impressionism, and they saw thematic and genre «wealth» of the Ukrainian literature. So far, the programmes guided by the principle of concentrism presented the Ukrainian literature in its diversity as to its thematic and genre peculiarities. The idea contented in the literature works promoted formation of the personality which cherished national traditions, highly appreciated spiritual culture of its native people and convert the values of literature into own spiritual values. The creative works of the Ukrainian writers the study whereof was either unwished or banned in the schools of the Soviet Ukraine in 20-30s of XX c.were included into the instructional programs of gymnasiums of Transcarpathia. Such form of teaching as class and home readings in the secondary schools was initiated for promotion of the creative thinking of students and development of skills and abilities for conducting ideological analysis of the pieces of arts and grounding the personal point of view. The humanistic teachers at the Uzhgorod, Berehovo and Khust gymnasiums at their lessons, literature groups activities, at various celebrations, and conducting extra curricular activities promoted interests and instilled love of the students to the Ukrainian literature. In particular, the students of gymnasium and seminarians actively participated in the Shevchenko celebrative events held outside of schools. Integral (in the unity of all regions ) study of the Ukrainian literature, creative activity of writes in the regions of Middle Dnieper river, Slabozhanschina, Ukrainian Polissia, South and Western Ukraine fostered the idea of unity of the Ukrainian culture and communal solidarity of the Ukrainian regions. So far, the above stated confirms that while Transcarpathia was incorporated to the Czechoslovak Republic great attention in school was paid to study of the Ukrainian literature what became crucial factor for cultural and national rise of the Transcarpathian Ukrainians. A look at the history of the development and establishment of the Ukrainian National school in Transcarpathia gives opportunities for introduction of the idea of the Ukrainian studies in the teaching process.