WE ARE DISCLOSING ONE MORE MYSTERY OF THE UNIVERSE

This article is devoted to one of the four known fundamental interactions – gravitational interaction. This publication was stimulated by the relatively recent recorded gravity waves under the project code-named LIGO (abbreviated name – laser-interferometric gravitational wave observatory, USA). Gravitational interaction is an important section in the course "Modern Natural Science Concepts". Systematic presentation of the material presented in this work, in our opinion, will allow students to more deeply internalize the program material in the study of this discipline. It is possible that it will be useful for teachers conducting similar courses. Gravity, body weight – some manifestations of the action of gravitational forces. Newton's law of universal gravitation – a mathematical expression of the forces. According to this law, the interaction of bodies is caused by the gravitational field. The concept of a gravitational wave is absent here and appears in the general theory of relativity (GTR) of Einstein. It is useful for students to recall the formation of mechanical waves mechanism, for the propagation of which a medium is needed, and electromagnetic waves, for which the medium is not needed, the vector of electric and magnetic field strength oscillates in the wave. In accordance with GRT, gravitational waves arise and are especially noticeable when massive bodies with varying acceleration are moving. Gravity manifests itself in the curvature of space-time and in the formation of space-time ripples. Special hopes were placed on binary star systems: neutron stars revolving around a common center of gravity, rotation of two black holes, motion of a neutron star relative to a massive black hole. In this paper, we briefly considered the first unsuccessful Weber's experience in the detection of gravitational waves. The results of long-term observations of the motion character of the double star system PSR B1913 + 16 are considered. The observed shortening of the rotation period of one of the two components the radio astronomers R. Haps and J. Taylor interpreted as radiation of gravitational wave energy, for which they became Nobel Prize laureates. The power of gravitational radiation reaches a colossal value when the binary systems of stars merge: neutron stars that rotate around a common center of gravity, the rotation of two black holes, the motion of a neutron star relative to a massive black hole. The principle of operation of a laser interferometer, the features of its operation are described. The gravitational detector according to the LIGO program recorded the moment of the fusion of two black holes, which occurred 1.3 million years ago. The results of the experiment are presented. Analysis of the spectrum showed that the interacting black holes had sufficiently large masses – 29 and 36 solar masses before merging. After the confluence, the mass of the new hole turned out to be 62 masses of the Sun. Three masses were spent on radiation in the form of gravitational waves. In this work covered by a small number of sources of gravitational waves – only binary star system. And beyond were the equally interesting and full surprises of research and other sources of powerful gravitational waves-the gravitational collapse of the star, which leads to the formation of neutron stars, black holes and the appearance of supernovae, the collision of galaxies. Soon we will witness astounding and amazing discoveries connected with the launch of the LISA space telescope with an arm length of 5 km interferometer.