THE USE OF THE SIMULATION METHOD OF STUDY AT THE STAGE OF FORMATION OF IN-TERNS IN THE SURGERY

The aim of investigation: In the article the analysis of training, mastering of theoretical and practical skills at the Department of Surgery of Postgraduate Education, in the preparation of interns of the surgical profile is conducted. As the world experience shows, the postgraduate stage of the introduction of innovative teaching methods in the training of interns, contributes to the effective assimilation of tasks and achievement of goals. In today's socio-economic conditions, there are problems with financing health care, decreasing the number of surgical patients and surgical interventions, which is reflected in the educational process. Implementation of the clinical practice of modern technologies introduces fundamentally new requirements for a qualitative level of training of specialists. Internship in the specialty "Surgery" is designed for 3 years and takes place in part-time parts of study. The main task of the Department of Post-Graduate Surgery is the training of interns to an independent medical practice, which depends on theoretical and practical training, and individual features of the future surgeon. Organized the educational process in accordance with the requirements of the educational-qualification characteristic of the intern specialist, however, they developed tasks taking into account the different levels of training of interns. The training was conducted in a simulation form using self-developed laparoscopic simulators. The laparoscopic simulator is represented by a torso of opaque material. The torso is cut in the front plane and embedded in a transparent plastic container, with the maximum reflects the shape, and the size of the abdominal cavity of the person, has the appropriate color and luster. The presence of a plastic transparent, removable container gives the opportunity (apart from standard skills), the development of technical techniques on the organs of animals, and also serves the unobstructed entry of a natural light source, undergoes a good disinfection. The inner part of the torso is a web camera attached to it, from which the signal is transmitted to the video monitors. At the torso, openings for the introduction of surgical instruments are made. Practical skills can be practiced equally, both on expensive simulators and on the model we have built. Assimilation of the basics of endosurgery is carried out at the department in three stages. At the first stage, mastering the theoretical material. At the second stage, mastering the basics of the technique of applying intrathecal and extracorporeal sutures. At the third stage, interns receive phased, theoretical and practical bases for the development of various types of laparoscopic interventions. Under the guidance of experienced teachers, an assessment was made of interns' ability to apply theoretical knowledge and manual skills when working with laparoscopic simulators. The correctness of the implementation of acquired practical skills was assessed in accordance with the methodological recommendations "Fundamentals of laparoscopic surgical interventions" developed at the department. With proper organization of the learning process, mastering of surgical endoscopic interventions can be done by every interns of the surgical profile. The achievement of the educational process with the use of innovative technologies is possible only if sufficient educational and methodological support, material and technical conditions are achieved. Experienced teachers should help and influence the motivational, volitional and emotional environment of interns, as well as control over knowledge and practical skills.