THE SIGNIFICANCE OF MORFOLOGICAL RESEARCH IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF ULCERATIVE COLITIS

The inflammatory bowel disorder (IBD) is a disease with characterized of inflammation in the colon and small intestine. Nonspecific ulcerative colitis (NUC) and Crohn's disease (CD) are the main disease of this group. The incidence of NUC was 21.1 per 100 000 according to the Ministry of Healthcare of Ukraine in 2015 year. Pathomorphological studies were carried out with immunohistochemical methods of phenotyping the cellular infiltrates, determining the state of perichriptal myofibroblasts and PAS-reactions for evaluating the mucus function and determining active neutrophils. The study revealed the nature and severity of pathological changes in the mucosa of the colon in patients with ulcerative colitis of varying degrees of activity. These methods allow the diagnosis of NUC, deter-mine the degree of exacerbation of the activity, assess the completeness of remission of the disease, identify a decrease in nonspecific resistance (mucin condition) or the prevalence of immune mechanisms (cellular phenotype). This will help assess the course of the disease and choose further treatment tactics.