THE СHARACTERISTIC OF CHANGES IN THE URINARY BLADDER UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF VITAMIN E APPLICATION FOR THE CORRECTION OF HEAVY METAL SALTS INFLUENCE

Introduction. Disfunctioning of the bladder is an essential issue of modern urology. This organ is exposed to various exogenous factors, which impairs the understanding of all aspects of the background of its pathology. Among the variety of factors of environmental pollution, heavy metals salts occupy the leading place (HMS). Getting into the organism these chemical elements can lead to unpredictable consequences of urinary bladder (UB) affecting the violation of its functioning. It is also important that these pathological changes depend on the duration of their pollutants. Therefore, the priority of this study is the search for protector solutions that can suppress the effect of HMS on the UB. The purpose of the research was to study the morphological state and chemical composition of the urinary bladder tissue under conditions of long-term concomitant use of heavy metals salts and vitamin E. Materials and methods. This experiment was modelled using a selection of combinations and concentrations of chemical elements that included the most commonly encountered potentially dangerous HMS (zinc, manganese, iron, lead, copper and chromium). “Alpha-tocopherol acetate” (vitamin E) medication was chosen to correct the action of a mixture of HMS. The experiment was performed on male rats, which according to the experimental case had been given a mixture of HMS and vitamin E for 30 and 90 days. The material for the research became the UBs of experimental rodents. In a microscopic examination of the organ the coloration of hematoxylin-eosin and the Van Gyzon method were used, as well as a marker of immunohistochemical identification of Ki-67. The number of chemical elements in the UB tissue was studied using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. All statistical calculations are performed in Graph Pad® 6.0 and Attestat 12.0.5 software environments. Results. The results of the histological research in-dicate that even the use of vitamin E against the background of long-term exposure to HMS develop a pathological effect of the UB of varying degrees of severity. At the same time, pathomorphological changes occurred in all membranes and increased the development of the experiment, but their intensity decreased. Studying collagen fibers in rodents' bladders on the 30th and 90th day of the research, signs of their remodeling were characterized and were designated by chaotic arrangement, swelling, folding, disorganization and their growth. Making immunohistochemical research of receptors for Ki-67 protein in the bladder, we found an increase in proliferative processes and growth of the positive-stained cell index in the epithelium at 30 and 90 days of the experimental research. Significantly increased the indexes of the content of chemical elements in the UB tissue compared to the control group. At the same time, the concentrations of heavy metals increased as the research progressed and reached the highest level by 90 days. Conclusions. Complex use of a mixture of heavy metal salts and vitamin E over a long period of time is ac-companied by specific pathomorphological changes in the structural elements of the urinary bladder, and the intensity of these reorganizations depends on the duration of the research. In this case, the activity of the proliferative potential of the transient epithelium of the organ significantly increases and remained at a sufficiently high level throughout the research period. The use of corrective therapy against the background of the receipt of heavy metals in the body does not provide the full protection from their accumulation in the urinary bladder tissue.