DIAGNOSTIC VALUE OF COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY AND MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING WITH LOCAL COMPLICATIONS OF ACUTE PANCREATITIS

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a primary-aseptic inflammation of the demarcation nature, based on the processes of non-macrobiosis of pancreatic cysts, enzymatic, oxidant autoaggression with subsequent development of necrosis, pancreatic degeneration (PD), damage to vital organs, and subsequent adherence to purulent infection. AP is a common cause of acute abdomen and its complications, which, as a result, can lead to death. The most common cause of AP is biliary calculus cholecystitis and alcohol abuse. Computer tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are not a necessity to diagnose AP, but they are fundamental tools for identifying causes, severity and complications of AP. The assessment of the severity of AP is in fact one of the most important issues in the treatment of this disease, as we can estimate the severity of the patient's condition and predict the course of the disease, using, for example, the Balthazar scale. Computer tomography (CT) is one of the most sensitive methods of research (71-100%) with AP and its complications, which provides a comprehensive infor-mation on the state of retroperitoneal space, involvement in the process of biliary tract. Сontrasting CT is a gold standard for the examination of patients with AP, which can be easily used in urgent situations, allows to accurate-ly diagnose the presence of pancreatic necrosis, assess its scale and localization, and identify various angiogenic complications. The diagnostic value of MRI is not less than in CT, but the diagnostic process takes a lot more time, making it difficult to use in an urgent situation. Complications of acute pancreatitis can be divided into localized and generalized. Localized complications in-clude acute peripancreatic fluid accumulation (APFA), acute necrotic congestion (ANC), distorted necrosis (walled-off necrosis), pseudocysts, vein thrombosis, pseudoaneurysm and bleeding.Generalized complications include multiple organ failure syndrome (MOFS) and sepsis. In this review, we focused on CT and MRI findings of local complications of AP, when and how to conduct CT and MRI. The attention has been paid to the latest developments in the diagnostic classification of complications of AP.