FEATURES OF PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT OF CHILDREN WITH BRONCHIAL ASTHMA. DYNAMIC TENDENCIES

Вackground. Physical development is one of the leading indicators of a child's health, and in the case of bronchial asthma, it can be a predictor of the development of the disease, a risk factor for a severe course, and a criterion for the effectiveness of therapy. Objective: To establish the features of the physical development of children with asthma and to analyze the 10-year dynamics. Material and methods. A retrospective analysis of anthropometric indicators (body weight, kg and body length, cm) and body mass index (kg/m2) of children with bronchial asthma (n2006–2007=289, n2016–2017=214) and healthy children (n2006–2007= 98, n2016–2017=94) was performed. Results. In children with asthma as compared with healthy children, the following features of physical development were established: boys compared with girls had higher indicators of body length at birth (p=0.0112); the frequency of distribution of body mass values was increased in the range of 25–75 percentiles (p=0.003) and reduced in the range>75 percentiles (p=0.028); lower median body mass index values were observed (p<0.0025). Within a 10-year period the children with asthma showed an increase in the frequency of distribution over body length values in the range of>75 percentiles (p=0.0002), to a greater extent in boys (p=0.0001); increase in the frequency of occurrence of low body mass index (p=0.0000); decrease in the median value of body mass index (p=0.0137), mostly in girls (p=0.0126). Conclusions. The established constitutional features and features of dynamic trends of physical development parameters indicate the need to take into account nutritional status while preparing treatment and rehabilitation programs for children with bronchial asthma.