OPTIMAL CHOICE OF ANIMAL FOR EXPERIMENTAL WORK ON LARGE JOINTS IN TRAUMATOLOGY AND ORTHOPEDICS (LITERATURE SURVEY)

Diseases of and damages to large vessels make the most urgent problem in traumatology and orthopedics. New and effective methods of treatment are constantly being developed and introduced. Approbation of new technologies requires experimental studies. Most reliable are considered the results obtained with use of animals that permit to elicit the pathogenesis of diseases and mechanisms of its prevention. For these purposes different animal can be used. In the work 30 literature sources were analyzed. Analysis of experimental promising research works and systemic mechanisms was conducted. It was found that in planning experimental works on large joints of animals it is important to take into account similarity of their biochemical processes and structures of joint components with those of humans, and also a possibility of observation of animals. Thus, it is required to pay special attention to characteristics of loads on the joints which radically change the long-term results of treatment. In modeling of experimental work for introduction of a new method of treatment for damages or diseases of large vessels, it is preferable to use large animals like sheep. In study of conservative treatment it is possible to use small animals like rats or rabbits.