INFLUENCE OF HEREDITARY AND EXOGENOUS POSTNATAL FACTORS ON FORMATION OF DENTAL ANOMALIES ON EXAMPLE OF MEMBERS OF ONE FAMILY

Polyetiology of the dentoalveolar anomalies is widely known, but the question which of the two aspects has a greater influence on their formation: genetic predisposition or postnatal factors, still remains important. The article presents a clinical study of the influence of heredity and of environmental factors on the formation of the dental system on an example of 5 members of one family including two parents and three children (two are monozygous twins). Clinical examination and analysis of control and diagnostic cast dental models, picture in face and in profile, teleradiography in the frontal and lateral projections were carried out. Inheritance of the vertical type of growth of craniofacial structures in twins from the mother, and similarity of transversal parameters of the dental system of all children with those of the father were found. Besides, the phenomenon of «mirror» was found out in twins manifested in the mirror-like asymmetry of soft tissues, dental and bone parameters. The described clinical observation is interesting because it permits evaluation of the influence of various environmental factors on formation of the dental system of individuals with the same genotype, as well as the degree of their significance in the occurrence of dental anomalies, taking into account individual anthropometric parameters of the examined children and their parents.