METAPHORICAL THINKING AS A BACKGROUND OF A SUBJECT’S COGNITIVE ACTIVITY AT THE STAGE OF EYE-MINDEDNESS. «CLEAN PLAY» AS ONE OF THE METHODS OF COGNITIVE PROBLEM SOLUTION

The article is devoted to the investigation of the role of metaphorical thinking in the process of a subject's cognitive activity at the stage of eye-mindedness. Metaphorical thinking is considered as a background of a person's cognition because it allows the person to comprehend the reality, applying the available cognitive structures of his individual experience for this reality interpretation and new concepts formation. Resulting from the reality interpretation, metaphor appears as a way of disambiguation in the cognition process, and the reality knowledge representation. At the stage of eye-mindedness, the norms and the rules of behavior are understood most actively, and the fundamentals of abstract thinking are formed. Imagination is a specific form of thinking. Vivid cognitive imagination is closely connected with the development of a role-play and productive activities, during which the person has to solve various cognitive problems. The lack of the person's cognitive experience gives rise to fantasy, allowing him to switch from one frame to another, maintaining metaphorical «bridges», creating vivid, novel metaphors and making the little explorer adaptation to the reality easier. A child perceives the world while playing. While the game is in progress, he imagines or simulates the situation occurring in the case of inconsistency of the visual field and the conceptual field. The play with such a situation is nothing but a clean play; these paly rules are accepted or are rejected by the subject. In case of interest and curiosity, the child accepts these rules and immerses in the play completely, where he finds the right solution acquiring the valuable cognitive experience.