Development of clubs of national minorities of Northern and Eastern Ukraine in 20-30 years of XX century as a cultural and educational establishments

The aim of the article is to characterize clubs for national minorities in Northeast Ukraine in 20-30s of XX century as educational and cultural institutions. According to the results of undertaken research it is found out that clubs occupied the central place among all forms of political and educational work in 20-30s as a result of implementing basic views of Soviet government concerning cultural and educational work among population. In spite of difficult social and economic as well as public and political circumstances, club system had been formed till the beginning of 30s in north east part of the Ukrainian SSR and this system covered national minorities which lived on the territory under research, including the Jewish, the Pole, the Germans, the Armenians, the Letts, the Tatars, the Lithuanians. It was also found out that the aim of establishing clubs for national minorities was rising of their cultural and educational level and mass education according to communist ideology. Despite the politization and extremely deep ideological nature of clubs for national minorities, educational component was also worthy of attention. The population received an opportunity to get acquainted with their own history, language and culture. Successful search of forms and methods of club work can be regarded as the peculiarity of this period. Among the most important of them we should mention work of studios, especially art-directed ones: music, drama, choir studios and clubs, etc. Thus activity of clubs for national minorities of 20-30s of XX century can be defined as an element of education for adults, which was directed to cultural and educational, political and educational activity and was based on the principles of general availability and self-activity.