PENALTIES FOR MINORS: COMPARATIVE LEGAL RESEARCH

The article defines the age characteristics of minors in accordance with the Family Code of Ukraine, the Criminal Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the Criminal Code of the Republic of Tajikistan and the Criminal Code of the Republic of Azerbaijan. The quantitative indicators of minors who, in 2020–2021, were notified of suspicion of committing criminal offenses, minor crimes, grave crimes and especially grave crimes, are given. The types of punishments provided by the criminal codes of Ukraine, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan and Azerbaijan, which can be imposed by the court on persons who have committed a criminal offense, at the age of fourteen to eighteen, have been determined. Taking into account the provisions of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, an analysis of punishments in the form of a fine, community service, correctional labor, arrest and imprisonment was carried out. The article analyzes the provisions of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan on punishments in the form of deprivation of the right to engage in certain activities, a fine, involvement in community service, correctional labor, restriction of freedom and imprisonment. The analysis of the content of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Tajikistan in terms of the features of punishments in the form of deprivation of the right to engage in certain activities, a fine, compulsory labor, correctional labor and imprisonment has been carried out. The analysis of punishments provided by the Criminal Code of the Republic of Azerbaijan in the form of a fine, community service, correctional labor, restriction of freedom and imprisonment has been carried out. The general and distinctive features characteristic of the list of punishments that can be assigned to minors have been established. The practice of the courts of Ukraine has been studied in relation to penalties in the form of a fine, correctional labor, community service and imprisonment. The works of domestic scientists are analyzed, on the basis of which, a circle of persons who have conducted research on individual issues on the responsibility of minors is determined.