A Comparative Study of Classical And Quantum Cryptography Approaches: Review And Critical Analysis

Maths-based cryptography has prevailed for years in the world of information security. Although this approach has succeeded till now, but it still has its drawbacks such as loopholes and life expectancy problem. Researchers found that Quantum Cryptography, which is based on the laws of physics, might be a good alternative. Therefore, we were motivated to analyze a number of research papers in the field. This paper studies both approaches, their advantages, disadvantages, and their expected future. Moreover, it exposes the basic principles of Quantum Cryptography as well as its protocols. It explains why Quantum Cryptography is considered as an alternative to the Classical Cryptography. In addition, it highlights the status of Quantum Cryptography in research nowadays. Finally, we predict which approach will dominate the world of information security in the far future.