Topographical and Anatomical Peculiarities of the Lower Urinary System in the Early Neonatal Period

The examination was conducted on 14 dead newborns (6 females and 8 males). The subject of the research was the anatomical features of the lower urinary tract in newborns. The objective of the research was to determine the features of microscopic anatomy and dynamics of the formation of the topographical and anatomical relationships between the vesicourethral segment and adjacent organs and structures in the early neonatal period of human ontogenesis, in particular, in newborns. Methods. The following complex of morphological examination was used: anthropometry to determine the age of the examined newborns; vascular injecting with further preparation using a microscope to investigate the features of blood supply to the vesicourethral segment; radiography to determine skeletotopy of the vesicourethral segment; macro- and microdissection to study anatomical interrelations between the components of the vesicourethral segment, their structure, shape, and position; morphometry to identify morphometric parameters of the vesicourethral segment; 3D reconstruction to determine spatial structure of the vesicourethral segment; statistical method to analyze and determine the probability of the deviations in the organometric parameters. Results. Characteristic anatomical signs of the vesicourethral segment in newborns, structural organization and chronological sequence of its topographical and anatomical relationships with adjacent pelvic organs and structures in dynamics were determined. Dependence of the vesicourethral segment size on age and gender was established. The obtained data on the anatomy and changes in the topographical and anatomical interrelations of the vesicourethral segment may be the morphological basis for the development of algorithms of antenatal diagnosis of congenital malformations of the vesicourethral segment, surgical correction of congenital abnormalities of the urinary tract in children of early age. Conclusions.The collection of firstly determined findings reveals patterns of morphogenesis of the vesicourethral segment in newborns.