THE ENVIRONMENT AS A CONDITION OF FORMING COGNITIVE ACTIVITY OF THE CHILD EARLY AGE

The author considers the problem of the role of environments in forming cognitive activity of the child early age. The period of early childhood is an important stage in human development. This period is favorable for the formation of the child's cognitive sphere. The child moves from perception to intellection. It is therefore necessary to create conditions for the development of cognition of child. Based on analysis of recent research and publications, the author makes a conclusion about the relevance of this problem. The purpose of the article is to study the essence of developmental environment as a condition of forming cognitive activity of the child early age. The article deals with the basic theory of environment. In particular, the theory of Montessori. Outstanding teacher designed the gameing material as the basis of developmental spa-tial environment and sensory development of children. R. Steiner theory is based on the role of natural toys in the structure of developmental environment. C.Freinet considered that developmental environment is an important incentive for creativity. S. Rusova made important contributions to the study of developmental environment. She identified the interconnection of developmental environment and national idea of education. The author defines the typology of environment and focuses on the role of play in the developmental environment. The paper presents the structure, factors, principles of developmental environment and conditions of creation of it. The conclusion of the article is the assertion that environment is closely connected with the process of formation of cognitive activity of the young child. Professionally organized educational environment - a condition for the development of cognitive activity in young children.