Characteristics of motives for physical exercises of junior pupils

One of the conditions for the effectiveness of physical education of schoolchildren is their attitude to the implementation of physical exercises. In turn, the formation of an active positive attitude towards the systematic execution of physical exercises is possible only in the presence of an appropriate motivation for educational activities. The aim of the research is to analyze the motives for exercises by junior pupils. Motivation has been considered as a stimulus process, necessary for the productive execution of approved decisions and planned work, for any particular person or group of people, for activities aimed at achieving goals. The motivation for studying at junior school age is developing in several directions. Wide cognitive motives (interest in classes) can already be turned into educational and cognitive motives by the middle of this century (interest in ways to acquire knowledge). In the first and second grade pupils carry out voluntary actions mainly on the instructions of adults, but already in the third grade acquire the ability to carry out volitional acts according to their own motives. Social motives at this age are represented by the child's desire to obtain mainly the approval of the teacher. Motives for cooperation and teamwork are widely present among junior students, but in general. In this age, intense learning in the school is developing intensively. Analyzing the motives that lead to physical education, the first position is the motive of a desire to get a good estimate. In the second place in the hierarchy of motives - the desire not to lag behind friends. Motives of physical education in the first and second grades of elementary school are mainly related to the process of the activity itself, in obtaining impressions from the competition (a sense of excitement, the joy of victory). The motives that hinder the effectiveness of physical exercises in physical culture classes have been investigated. Thus, the largest number of students distinguish the following motives: "Lack of interest in physical education" - 22%, "Laziness" - 18.8%, "Lack of sports inventory and facilities" - 17.3%. Showing interest and attitude to physical education and sports among parents, the following data were obtained: 19% of parents prefer to ride bicycles, 42% - sports games, 24% - chess and checkers, 61% - prefer to go to hiking and sightseeing tours. An analysis of the results of a questionnaire survey of students and parents revealed the most significant factors in motivating students to engage in physical education.