STATE OF DEVELOPMENT OF ACTIVE OPERATIONS IN THE BANKING SYSTEM OF UKRAINE

The article analyzes the trends in the current state of bank lending to small and medium-sized businesses in Ukraine and banking products and programs to assist small and medium-sized enterprises provided by individual state-owned banks. The conclusions about the current state and directions of development of bank lending to small and medium-sized businesses are substantiated. The state and dynamics of the main components of the assets of the banking system of Ukraine are studied, and the factors influencing the sustainability of domestic commercial banks are identified and systematized. The main directions of the Bank's active operations have traditionally been loans. Possible variants of classification of active operations depending on the criterion used as a basis are analyzed. The importance of an adequate level of financing for the small and medium-sized enterprises sector as an integral part of the market economy, which provides solutions to a number of urgent needs of society, is substantiated. The author analyzes the volume of loans granted to small and medium-sized enterprises in national and foreign currencies in Ukraine in 2022, and also examines the dynamics of interest rates on loans for medium, small and micro enterprises. It is established that in recent years there has been an increase in lending to small and medium-sized enterprises in national currency against the background of a certain decrease in interest rates on these loans. At the same time, the volume of lending to small and medium-sized enterprises in foreign currency is decreasing. The author analyzes the peculiarities of providing state financial support to small and medium-sized enterprises in Ukraine under the program «Affordable Loans 5–7–9%» and reveals the composition of financial products to support small businesses in JSC «Oschadbank», JSC CB «Privatbank», JSB «Ukrgasbank» and others. The problems associated with lending and microgrants for small and medium-sized enterprises are of particular interest for the development and implementation of new credit technologies, innovative projects, and the development of new banking products and services for small and medium-sized enterprises. The main directions of intensification of lending by banking institutions to small and medium-sized enterprises are substantiated.