ANALYSIS OF THE STATE OF TEETH-JAW SYSTEM IN PATIENTS WITH GENERALIZED PARODONTITIS AND DEFECTS OF TEETH LINES

Defects in dentitions that result from periodontal tissue diseases require special attention due to the specifics of orthopedic treatment. In recent years, there has been an increase in the prevalence of complicated forms of GP that results in loss of teeth. The close connection between the periodontal disease and the defects of the dentition is established. The purpose of the research is to study the features of the dento-jaw system and the condition of the tissues of the prosthetic bed in patients with generalized periodontitis and defects in dentition for the development of methods for optimal rehabilitation of dental patients and the prevention of complications. Materials and methods of research. We studied the state of the dento-jaw system in 710 people (women - 393 (55,35%), men - 317 (44,65%)) with dental defects from 21 to 70 years old. In 494 (69,58%) patients, the GP was diagnosed of various degrees. Patient studies, evaluation of treatment were performed on the basis of protocols for the provision of dental care, approved by the Ministry of Health of Ukraine in 2005 [6]. For the verification of the pathological process in the periodontium, the classification of periodontal disease by M.F. Danilevsky (1994), to determine the class of defects in dentition Kennedy's classification was used. All examined patients were divided into four age groups (distribution according to WHO 2012 recommendations). The first group included 82 (16.6%) patients with GP and 18 (8.33%) patients with healthy periodontal disease in the age from 21 to 34 years old; the second one consisted of 142 (28.74%) patients with GP and 60 (27.78%) people who have not been diagnosed with GP, aged 35-44 years belonged. The third group consisted of 172 (34.82%) people on the GP and 71 (32.87%) patients with a healthy periodontal disease in the age from 45 to 59 years old; the fourth group included 98 (19,84%) patients on the GP and 67 (31,02%) patients with a healthy periodontal disease in the age of 60 and older. Results and discussion. Periodontal diseases were accompanied by defects in dentition in 69.2% of patients. The conducted research suggests that partial absence of teeth is observed in patients with GP, and in patients who have not been diagnosed with GP in all age groups, including young age. The largest proportion of defects was in the third age group and in patients with GP, and in the third age group in patients with healthy periodontal disease was 34.82% and 32.87%. With age, the probability of occurrence of defects in the dentition increased 2.1 times compared to the first age group in patients with GP (16.6%) and 3.9 times in patients with healthy periodontal disease (8.83%). In patients with GP, the number of dental defects in the first age group (16.6%) is 2 times higher than in patients with healthy periodontal disease (8.3%) in the same group, and in the fourth group in 1.6 times less than in patients with a healthy periodontal disease (19.84% versus 31.02%). Analysis of the data allowed establishing that in patients with age, the magnitude of defects in dentition with a predominance of I and II classes, as well as in patients with GP increases (from 3.44% to 10.12% and 3.85% to 7.49%). Patients with a healthy periodontal disease (1.85% to 10.65% and 1.85% to 6.48% respectively) and a decrease in grade III by Kennedy in patients with GP (from 4.45% to 3, 64%). Patients with a healthy periodontal disease have an increase in grade III by Kennedy (3.24% to 12.5%). Therefore, the search for new optimized methods of preparation for orthopedic treatment taking into account the peculiarities of the structural and functional state of tissues of the maxillofacial area in patients with generalized periodontitis and the application of modern technologies remains relevant in modern dentistry.